الرئيسية
ADDICTION:-
an addiction is a state in which the body depends on a substance for normal functioning and may occur along with physical dependence, as in drug addiction. When the drug or substance on which someone is dependent is suddenly removed, it will cause withdrawal, a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. Addiction is generally associated with increased drug tolerance.
In physiological terms, addiction is not necessarily associated with substance abuse since this form of addiction can result from using medication as prescribed by a doctor. Physical dependence is different from psychological dependence (addiction). The latter is often characterized by a compulsive need for a drug for psychological reasons, while the former is characterized by need for the drug due to tolerance and the need to prevent withdrawal symptoms on discontinuing the use of a drug. Physical dependence however, commonly occurs with both addiction and therapeutic use of drugs.
Causes:-
1-Gentic:-(family history).
2-enviroment:- (community).
3-abuse:-( sexual, psychological, emotional or physical).
4-Emotional Disorders: (Emotional disorders such as anxiety, depression,).
5-The Substance: (Certain substances are more addictive than others).
6-Low Frustration Tolerance: (One common factor found amongst addicts of all types is a low frustration tolerance).
Signs and Symptoms:-
- 1-Cycles of increased energy, restlessness, and inability to sleep (often seen in stimulants)
- 2-Abnormally slow movements, speech or reaction time, confusion and disorientation (often seen in opiates, benzodiazepines and barbiturates)
- 3-Sudden weight loss or weight gain
- 4-Cycles of excessive sleep
- 5-Unexpected changes in clothing, such as constantly wearing long sleeved shirts, to hide scarring at injection sites
- 6-Suspected drug paraphernalia such as unexplained pipes, roach clips or syringes
- 7-For snorted drugs, chronic troubles with sinusitis or nosebleeds
- 8-For smoked drugs, a persistent cough or bronchitis, leading to coughing up excessive mucus or blood.
- 9-Progressive severe dental problems (especially with methamphetamine)
Addiction Treatment
To successfully treat addictions, the complete person must be targeted, the mind, body and spirit. There needs to be a strong social support network, including family members who also become involved in group and family therapy. Of course, there must be a strong commitment by the individual who is seeking treatment.
Individuals need to prepare themselves for the possibility of recidivism. They need to be assured that a failure is not the end of the world.
Complications:-
1-familys problems.
2-marrige problems.
3-works problems.
4-relations ships problems.
5-healty problems.
